Few things unsettle new parents more than hours of inconsolable crying. One of the first questions that arises is: what causes colic in a newborn? Colic is common, usually beginning within the first weeks of life and resolving on its own by around three to four months of age. While not harmful in the long run, the intensity of crying can overwhelm families and create stress at home. Understanding the causes of colic in infants helps parents feel more equipped to handle this phase with confidence and care.[1]
Doctors often use the “Rule of Threes” to describe colic: crying for more than three hours a day, on more than three days per week, lasting for at least three weeks, in an otherwise healthy baby.[2] Importantly, colic is not a disease but rather a temporary developmental stage. Diagnosis is made after ruling out other medical conditions, such as reflux, ear infections, or food allergies, allowing parents to focus on comfort measures instead of fearing a serious illness.[3]
Research shows there isn’t a single answer to the reasons for colic in infants. Instead, colic arises from a mix of factors:
This combination explains why soothing one baby may require different strategies compared to another.
One of the strongest theories relates to digestion. Newborns have immature digestive systems that take time to adjust after birth. Some common contributors include:
Parents often notice that colic episodes peak in the evening, when the baby’s tummy is full and gas tends to build up.
Crying is a newborn’s primary means of communication, but babies with colic may have heightened sensitivity. Their nervous systems are still developing the ability to regulate responses to discomfort. This can make minor sensations—like hunger, overstimulation, or trapped gas—feel overwhelming, leading to longer crying bouts.[8]
Colic also tends to peak at 6–8 weeks of age, when babies are going through rapid brain and nervous system development.[9]
Colic is not just about the baby’s body; the environment also influences it. Common triggers include:
Creating a calm and predictable environment can significantly reduce the frequency of crying spells.
Gentle feeding habits are among the most effective ways to reduce colic discomfort. Helpful strategies include:
Some breastfeeding mothers notice improvement when they temporarily eliminate dairy or other common allergens from their diet. For formula-fed infants, paediatricians may suggest hydrolysed or specialized formulas if sensitivities are suspected.[13][14]
In addition, probiotics such as Lactobacillus reuteri have shown early promise in reducing crying duration, although results vary.[15]
Every baby responds differently, but time-tested soothing methods can help, such as:
Alongside these, families across generations have trusted Woodward’s Gripe Water—a gentle, over-the-counter herbal preparation known to relieve stomach pain caused by gas, acidity, and indigestion. Parents often find that gripe water helps settle their baby faster, offering comfort during colicky episodes. When used responsibly as part of a broader soothing routine, it can provide much-needed relief for both baby and family.[16]
The family environment plays a big role in how colic is experienced. Maternal anxiety, depression, or lack of sleep can heighten stress levels, which in turn may worsen crying episodes. Support from partners, extended family, or parenting groups can make a meaningful difference.
Simple household steps—such as reducing noise, dimming lights, avoiding smoke exposure, and practicing self-care—help create a calmer atmosphere that benefits both parent and child.[11][12]
While colic cannot always be prevented, parents can adopt practical steps that reduce its intensity:
These measures, combined with trusted remedies like Woodward’s Gripe Water, provide families with a well-rounded approach to alleviating newborn colic pain.
Though colic is generally harmless, certain red-flag symptoms require urgent evaluation:
If these occur, parents should contact a doctor immediately to rule out more serious conditions.[17]
Remember: colic is a passing phase. With informed care and supportive practices, families can navigate it more confidently.
In short, what causes colic in a newborn is a combination of digestive immaturity, heightened sensitivity, and environmental triggers. While challenging, colic is temporary and resolves naturally with time. By blending modern knowledge with traditional, trusted approaches like Woodward’s Gripe Water, parents can soothe their baby’s discomfort and restore calm to the household. Compassion, patience, and simple remedies go a long way in transforming this difficult stage into a manageable one.
